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The 3D Object Tracking recipe in Aivia detects objects (such as cells and nuclei), generates surface reconstructions, and tracks their movement in 3D+time volumetric images. The recipe provides a count of the number of detected objects as well as morphological, intensity and motility measurements of the detected objects.

On this page:

Parameters and Presets

Parameters

Recipe parameters for 3D Object Tracking and their descriptions are summarized in the table below.

Preset GroupParameter NameMin ValueMax ValueDescription
Detection

Average Object Radius

(Remove Background only)

01,000

Specifies the radius of a typical object in the image for object enhancement and background removal; a lower value will preserve smaller objects

Min Edge Intensity0

255 (8-bit)

65,535 (16-bit)

Specifies the minimum object intensity that is typically found at the edge of the object for detection; when Remove Background is enabled, this parameter value is used to specify the minimum object intensity on the enhanced image; a lower value will detect bigger and more objects
Partition



Object Radius01,000Specifies the range of objects to be included in the analysis results based on the radius of the detected objects
Smoothing Factor010Adjusts the amount of smoothing applied to the surface reconstructions of the detected objects; a lower value will generate surfaces with greater similarity to the input image

Min Edge-to-Center Distance

(Apply Partition only)

01,000Specifies the minimum distance from the center of an object to the edge that is touching its closest neighboring object; this parameter is enabled only when Apply Partition is enabled; a lower value will apply object partitioning more aggressively, resulting in smaller, more uniform objects
TrackingMinimum Track Length1100Specifies the minimum number of time frames before a detected object is considered a valid track; a lower value will generate more, and often shorter, tracks
Maximum Search Range01,000Specifies the maximum distance for track-point matchmaking between successive time frames; a higher value will expand the search distance for fast-moving cells
Motion vs Intensity010Adjusts the relative weighting between motion and object intensity for track-point matchmaking between successive frames; a value of 5 will apply equal weights to motion and intensity for matchmaking
Track Lineage OptionNot applicableToggles tracking of object division and lineages
Matchmaking OptionNot applicableToggles the tracking algorithm used for track-point matchmaking between time points; the available options are Greedy Matching and Hungarian Matching


Presets

There are three preset groups in the recipe: Detection, Partition and Tracking; each group has three pre-configured parameter groupings to help you get started on the analysis. The default preset values are as follows:

Detection

Parameter NameLowMediumHigh
Average Object Radius520100
Min Edge Intensity10 (8-bit)5 (8-bit)3 (8-bit)
2,621 (16-bit)1,311 (16-bit)655 (16-bit)



Partition

Parameter NameSmallMediumLarge
Object Radius2 - 520 - 50100 - 300
Smoothing Factor125
Min Edge-to-Center Distance220100



Tracking

Parameter NameMotionMixedIntensity
Minimum Track Length222
Maximum Search Range555
Motion vs Intensity357
Track Lineage OptionTrack Lineages
Matchmaking OptionUse Greedy Matching



Measurements

The 3D Object Tracking recipe generates morphological, intensity and motility measurements for each detected 3D object as well as a count of the total number of 3D objects on the image. You can add additional measurements to the analysis results by using the Measurement Tool in Aivia. The measurements generated by the recipe are as follows.


MorphologicalIntensityTrack
  • Surface Area
  • Volume
  • Average
  • Maximum
  • Minimum
  • Total
  • Total Time
  • First Frame
  • Last Frame
  • X
  • Y
  • Z
  • Acceleration Magnitude (instantaneous)
  • Velocity Magnitude (instantaneous)



Tutorial

Before beginning the tutorial, please download the 3D Object Tracking Demo image. For information on how to select presets or modify parameter values, please refer to the tutorial on how to use the Recipe Console.

  1. Unzip the demo file and load the demo image, 3DObjTrackDemo.aivia.tif, into Aivia
  2. In the Recipe Console, click on the Recipe selection dropdown menu and select the 3D Object Tracking recipe
  3. Click on the Small button for the Partition preset and the Intensity button for the Tracking preset, leave the Detection preset as is for now
  4. Click on the Show Advanced Interface icon  to expand the Recipe Console
  5. Under the Detection preset, click on the Switch Recipe Operations icon  next to the Min Edge Intensity parameter to show the list of available recipe operations; select the Remove Background option from the dropdown menu
  6. Change the parameters listed below to the specified values, leaving the others intact:
    • Detection
      • Average Object Radius: 4
      • Min Edge Intensity: 3
    • Partition
      • Min Edge-to-Center Distance: 4
  7. Click the Start button or press the F4 key on your keyboard to begin applying the recipe to the image


The surface reconstructions can be viewed in 3D View, while all tracks can be viewed in both 2D and 3D Views. Please note that in 2D View, tracks that are out of the current plane are also overlaid on the image.


Results

3D Object Tracking results



Image credits

Stegmaier J, Mikut R. (2017) Fuzzy-based propagation of prior knowledge to improve large-scale image analysis pipelines. PLoS One. 12(11):e0187535. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0187535



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